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Efficacy of bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) leaf extract in protecting against cabbage looper (Trichoplusia ni) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) infestation
2025 / Crop HealthCabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) crops are frequently attacked by cabbage looper larvae (Trichoplusia ni), which severely reduce cabbage production. This experiment was conducted in the late spring crop season from April 15, 2024, to August 20, 2024, at the Field Science Center for the Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Japan. In this study, the efficacy of an ...
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Rational Design Principles for De Novo α-Helical Peptide Barrels with Dynamic Conductive Channels
2025 / Journal of the American Chemical SocietyDespite advances in peptide and protein design, the rational design of membrane-spanning peptides that form conducting channels remains challenging due to our imperfect understanding of the sequence-to-structure relationships that drive membrane insertion, assembly, and conductance. Here, we describe the design and computational and experimental characterization of...
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Cathelicidin-BF: A Potent Antimicrobial Peptide Leveraging Charge and Phospholipid Recruitment against Multidrug-Resistant Clinical Bacterial Isolates
2025 / Journal of the American Chemical SocietyCathelicidin-BF (CatBF) is a LL-37 homologous antimicrobialpeptide(AMP) isolatedfromBungarus fasciatuswith anexceptional portfolioof antimicrobial, antiviral, antifungal, and anticancer activities. Contrary tomanyAMPs, it showeda good pharmacologicalprofilewithahalf-lifeofat least1hinserumand efficacyagainstbacterial infectionsinmice.Toevaluateitspotential against ...
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Targeted delivery of doxorubicin to B-cell lymphoma using monoclonal antibody-functionalized Chaetoceros biosilica
2025 / Scientific ReportsThe use of biogenic nanoparticles as targeted drug delivery systems has gained increasing attention for improving anticancer therapies. This study investigates the effectiveness of porous biosilica derived from the diatom Chaetoceros sp., functionalized with hydrophilic GPTMS, labeled with CD-19 antibody, and loaded with doxorubicin in targeting Raji cells, a B l...
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Central-to-Axial-to-Central Chirality Transfer in the Au(I)-Catalyzed Cycloisomerization of Propargyl Vinyl Ethers to Cyclopentadienes
2025 / The Journal of Organic ChemistryAn easy approach to the enantioselective synthesis of five-, six-, and seven-membered ring-fused cyclopentadienes (85–99% ee) is based on the Au(I)-catalyzed cycloisomerization of enantiomerically pure or enriched propargyl vinyl ethers, which occurs with complete central-to-axial-to-central chirality transfer. DFT calculations show that the formation of a no...
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A self-assembled protein β-helix as a self-contained biofunctional motif
2025 / Nature CommunicationsNature constructs matter by employing protein folding motifs, many of which have been synthetically reconstituted to exploit function. A less understood motif whose structure-function relationships remain unexploited is formed by parallel β-strands arranged in a helical repetitive pattern, termed a β-helix. Herein we reconstitute a protein β-helix ...
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Enantiomeric diarylheptanoids from Ottelia acuminata var. acuminata and their α-glucosidase inhibitory activity
2025 / Natural Products and BioprospectingOtteacumienes G–K (1–5), five pairs of enantiomeric diarylheptanoids, along with one undescribed diarylheptanoid glycoside and one new lignan, were isolated from Ottelia acuminata var. acuminata. Compounds 1–5 were identified as five pairs of enantiomers and their structural configurations were determined through a combination of spectroscopic ana...
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Rational search for natural antimicrobial compounds: relevance of sesquiterpene lactones
2025 / Natural Products and BioprospectingAntimicrobial resistance is one of the most pressing global health challenges, as many pathogens are rapidly evolving to evade existing treatments. Despite this urgent need for new solutions, natural plant-derived compounds remain relatively underexplored in the development of antimicrobial drugs. This report highlights an innovative approach to discovering potent ...
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Development of an innovative cost-effective hemostatic material based on electrospun polyacrylonitrile/exfoliated bentonite/calcium chloride nanocomposite
2025 / Scientific ReportsAnti-hemorrhage nanomaterials are emerging as a promising alternative to traditional materials such as cotton and medical gauze, which often exhibit limited hemostatic properties and excessive adhesion to wound surfaces. This study presents the development of hemostatic nanofiber mats fabricated from polyacrylonitrile (PAN) via electrospinning. The incorporation ...
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Fabrication and application of naturally sourced nano-pigments based on algal biomass in multifunctional coatings
2025 / Scientific ReportsThis work aims to synthesize economical and eco-friendly naturally sourced nano-pigments with bright colors, antimicrobial activity, and thermal stability from algal cells cultivated in wastewater, which are then harvested, dried, and converted into algal biomass (AB). Algal biomass (AB) was covered by a very thin nano-layer of either zinc ferrite or cerium ferri...
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Preparation of antimicrobial polymeric composites using defective silk cocoons and moringa seed oil as additives for polyvinyl chloride
2025 / Scientific ReportsIn this work, novel polymeric blends were prepared from polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and silkworm cocoon waste (SCW), that were defective cocoons excluded during the silk-making process in the ratio 50:50 w/w. These blends were incorporated with moringa seed oil (MSO) as a bio-based plasticizer with different concentrations (1, 2, and 3%) to obtain a final bioplastic...
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Solvent polarity effect on photophysical properties of some aromatic azo dyes with focus on tautomeric and toxicity competition
2025 / Scientific ReportsEdible dyes have become an essential part of modern life, widely appreciated for their safety and effectiveness in food coloring. Given the fundamental role of hydrogen bonding in chemical and biological systems, this study explores the photophysical properties of three commonly used aromatic azo food dyes–Ponceau 4R, Sunset Yellow, and Tartrazine–acr...
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Antibacterial impact of biosynthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles on uropathogenic Escherichia coli and in vivo assessment of physiological and histological alterations
2025 / Scientific ReportsZinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) possess various medical potentials that qualify them to be promising antibacterial agents, particularly for uropathogens. The present study investigated in vitro and in vivo antibacterial impact of biosynthesized ZnO NPs against uropathogenic E. coli strain. Values of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericid...
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Predictability of environment-dependent formation of G-quadruplex DNAs in human mitochondria
2025 / Communications ChemistryMolecular crowding affects the stability of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) and induces their non-canonical structures. As the level of molecular crowding varies spatio-temporally in cells, it would be beneficial to predict the behaviour of DNA and RNA structures depending on the local cellular environments. This has applications in human mitochondria, which possess ...
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Transparent, metal-free PEDOT:PSS neural interfaces for simultaneous recording of low-noise electrophysiology and artifact-free two-photon imaging
2025 / Nature CommunicationsSimultaneous two-photon imaging and electrophysiological recordings offer considerable potential for advancing neurological research and therapies. However, traditional metal-based neural interfaces suffer from photoelectric artifacts, while existing transparent implants rely on opaque interconnect lines to address conductivity limitations. Herein, we developed a...
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