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Found 6,446 Results / Page 4 of 430
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Development of low cost ZnO based chemi resistive biosensor for the detection of vitamin B6 mediated by quantum dots
2025 / Scientific ReportsIn this study, we developed a chemi-resistive sensor for vitamin B6 mediated by CdTe quantum dots (Cadmium Telluride QDs) utilizing ZnO-based thin films through the spin-coating sol–gel technique annealed at 500 °C. The sensor successfully recognized vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine) in concentrations ranging from 2 to 10 µM by employing CdTe quantum dots (...
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Catechol-based chemistry for hypoglycemia-responsive delivery of zinc-glucagon via hydrogel-based microneedle patch technology
2025 / Nature CommunicationsHypoglycemia is a serious and potentially life-threatening condition for people with insulin-dependent diabetes. To provide a safeguard against hypoglycemia, we introduce a “smart” microneedle (MN) patch that senses glucose levels and delivers a blood glucose-raising agent (Zinc-Glucagon (Z-GCN)) in response to hypoglycemia. Herein, we describe the us...
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Applying Isothermal Titration Calorimetry and Saturation Transfer Difference-NMR to Study the Mode of Interaction of Flavan-3-ols with α-Amylase to Understand Their Impact on Starch Hydrolysis
2025 / Journal of Agricultural and FoodFor flavan-3-ols, significant effects to prevent the development of diabetes mellitus are postulated. Inter alia, this is attributed to inhibitory effects on the intestinal α-amylase, in particular for high-molecular-weight procyanidins. In order to gain a deeper insight into the mode of interaction and the resulting α-amylase inhibition, the interactio...
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A novel avenue in the successful synthesis of Schiff base macromolecules via innovative plasma and classical approaches
2025 / Scientific ReportsSchiff base macromolecules have been successfully synthesized, utilizing a classical chemistry route and a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma technique. The synthesis of monomeric units has been accomplished through typical reactions of aldehyde and amine functional molecules. The condensation polymerization of the Schiff base molecules has been instigated...
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β-Carotene alleviates substrate inhibition caused by asymmetric cooperativity
2025 / Nature CommunicationsEnzymes are essential catalysts in biological systems. Substrate inhibition, once dismissed, is now observed in 20% of enzymes1 and is attributed to the formation of an unproductive enzyme-substrate complex, with no structural evidence of unproductivity provided to date1,2,3,4,5,6. This study uncovers the molecular mechanism of substrate inhibition in tobacco glu...
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Novel mechanisms of alkyldimethylbenzalkonium chloride in virucidal activity
2025 / Scientific ReportsThe cationic surfactant, alkyldimethylbenzalkonium chloride (BAC), effectively inactivates enveloped viruses, but the underlying mechanism of action is poorly understood. Therefore, this study attempted to elucidate the inactivation mechanism of BAC using actual viruses and characterize the state of BAC in water under the same conditions. Here, we show that at co...
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Concept of Future Glycoprotein Drugs: Synthesis of a Thioglycosidically Linked α-N-Acetylgalactosamine-Carrying Cyclic Peptide as a Model of Miniature Macrophage Activating Factor
2025 / Journal of the American Chemical SocietyGlycoproteins are often considered as drug candidates. However, the regulation of post-translational glycan attachment remains an issue. We hypothesized that replacing the oxygen atom in the glycosidic linkage with sulfur atoms would stabilize the labile linkage against glycosidases, resulting in improved pharmacokinetics. In this study, we focused on the macrophag...
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A bioinspired polymeric membrane-enclosed insulin crystal achieves long-term, self-regulated drug release for type 1 diabetes therapy
2025 / Nature NanotechnologyThe nuclear envelope serves as a highly regulated gateway for macromolecule exchange between the nucleus and cytoplasm in eukaryotes. Here we have developed a cell nucleus-mimicking polymeric membrane-enclosed system for long and self-regulated therapy. A polymeric nano-membrane with nanopores is conformally synthesized in situ on the surface of each insulin crys...
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Structure and mechanism of haem-dependent nitrogen–nitrogen bond formation in piperazate synthase
2025 / Nature CatalysisMolecules with nitrogen–nitrogen (N–N) bonds include diverse specialized metabolites from nature, but little is known about the underlying enzymatic mechanisms that have evolved for N–N bond formation. To directly form a single N(sp3)–N(sp3) bond, enzymes must reverse the typical nucleophilicity of one nitrogen. Here we report the structure ...
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The ISC machinery assembles [2Fe–2S] clusters by formation and fusion of [1Fe–1S] precursors
2025 / Nature Chemical BiologyIron–sulfur clusters are essential metallocofactors synthesized by multiprotein machineries via an unclear multistep process. Here we report a step-by-step dissection of the [2Fe–2S] cluster assembly process by the Escherichia coli iron–sulfur cluster (ISC) assembly machinery using an in vitro reconstituted system and a combination of biochemical ...
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Plasma membrane-associated ARAF condensates fuel RAS-related cancer drug resistance
2025 / Nature Chemical BiologyRAF protein kinases are major RAS effectors that function by phosphorylating MEK. Although all three RAF isoforms share a conserved RAS binding domain and bind to GTP-loaded RAS, only ARAF uniquely enhances RAS activity. Here we uncovered the molecular basis of ARAF in regulating RAS activation. The disordered N-terminal sequence of ARAF drives self-assembly, formi...
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Structural basis for the conformational protection of nitrogenase from O2
2025 / NatureThe low reduction potentials required for the reduction of dinitrogen (N2) render metal-based nitrogen-fixation catalysts vulnerable to irreversible damage by dioxygen (O2)1,2,3. Such O2 sensitivity represents a major conundrum for the enzyme nitrogenase, as a large fraction of nitrogen-fixing organisms are either obligate aerobes or closely associated with O2-re...
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A general system for targeting MHC class II–antigen complex via a single adaptable loop
2024 / Nature BiotechnologyMajor histocompatibility complex class II (MHCII) bound to a peptide antigen mediates interactions between CD4+ T cells and antigen-presenting cells. Targeting peptide–MHCII with T cell antigen receptors (TCRs) and TCR-like antibodies has shown promise for autoimmune diseases and microbiome tolerance. To develop a general targeting approach, we introduce ta...
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Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activity of Analogous Synthetic Peptides from Anoplin, Temporin, and Aurein
2025 / International Journal of Peptide Research and TherapeuticsIntroduction The antibacterial, anti-biofilm, and hemolytic activities of five synthetic analogs of Anoplin, Temporin, and Aurein were evaluated. Methods Five peptides, varying in length from ten to thirteen amino acids, were chemically synthesized to preserve the physicochemical characteristics inherent to the original antimicrobial peptides. These charac...
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N-glycosylation of ephrin B1 modulates its function and confers therapeutic potential in B-cell lymphoma
2025 / Journal of Biological ChemistryGiven the pivotal role of the Eph–Ephrin signaling pathway in tumor progression, agonists or antagonists targeting Eph–Ephrin have emerged as promising anticancer strategies. However, the implications of glycosylation modifications within Eph–Ephrin and their targeted protein therapeutics remain elusive. Here, we identify that N-glycosylation wi...
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